SOLAR CHARGE CONTROLLER
About Solar Charge Controller:
A solar charge controller or a charge controller, or charge regulator is a voltage or current regulator which keep batteries from overcharging. It regulates the voltage and current received from the solar panels which are going to the battery. Most of the “12 volt” panels put out near about 16 to 20 volts, so if there will be no regulation the batteries will get damaged from overcharging. Most of the batteries need around 14 to 14.5 volts to be fully charged. It prevents the battery from completely getting discharged and it increases battery life.
Components of Solar Charge Controller:
The solar charge controller basically contains the following components:
- PV panel
- Battery
- Charge controller
- Inverter (in addition to the systems which provide AC electricity)
General Specification | |
Application | Solar electrification |
Use | Indoor, battery charging using solar module |
Operating temperature | 0°C to 50°C |
Storage temperature | -10°C to 60°C |
Charge controller type | Two step charging algorithm |
Battery temperature compensation | -4mV to -5mV/°C/cell |
Solar Module size (Max) | 40Wp |
Indications | Changing and low battery |
Uses of Solar Charge Controller:
The solar charge controller can be used in the following areas:
- RV
- Boats
- Off-the-grid home batteries which can be used in homes, schools, colleges,offices,restaurants and small shops.
Working Principles of Solar Charge Controller:
The Solar panels charge the batteries, and the charge controller insures the proper charging of battery. The battery gives DC voltage to inverter, and inverter converts DC voltage to the normal AC voltage.
A charge controller helps in charging deep cycle lead acid batteries that are used in Solar PV systems.
For the reverse protection there are two techniques: shunt and series diodes. In shunt technique the fuse in it blows if the input is reversed- connected because the diode is forward biased. This will prevent DC from getting damaged but the fuse need to be replaced .
Advantages of Solar Charge Controller:
1) It is very much useful in areas where the sunshine is for the whole day.
2) Can be used in the place of inverter where the cost of electricity can be saved.
3) Used in areas where frequent power cuts take place.
Disadvantages:
1) Very difficult to install.
2) The battery can only be charged at sunny weather , if the weather is cloudy or less sunshine is there the battery cannot be charged .
3) Very much costly for maintenance.
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