Solar Street Lights

Apr 15 • Notes, Science Notes • 25617 Views • 15 Comments on Solar Street Lights

About Solar Street Lights:

• Solar street lights are effective and efficient light sources in which power is fed with the help of Photo-voltaic Panels.
  

  Solar Street Light

• They are generally mounted on the lighting structure.
• There is a Rechargeable battery, which is charged by photo voltaic panels.
• Then the charge of that battery is used to powers a fluorescent or Led Lamp during the night.
• There have sensors, through them  solar panels turn on and turn off automatically by sensing outdoor light with the help of light source.
• They are designed to work at night.

Working Principle:

1.  The Working Principle of Solar Street Light is very simple.
2.  Photo voltaic solar cells convert the radiation of sun light into electrical energy.
3.  This conversion takes place by the use of the semiconductor material of the device.
4.  This process of energy conversion is generally called the “Photo voltaic effect”.
5. It is also known as solar cells, or “photo voltaic cells.”
6.  With the help of photo voltaic solar cells made of the principle effect of solar panels during the day.
7.  The received electrical energy stored in batteries.
8. At night when the illumination reduced to 10lux.
9. Then Solar cells board open the circuit voltage of about 4.5V.
10.  Then charge and discharge controller is used to detect movement of the voltage value.
11. Charge and discharge controllers are generally used to protect the battery.

Components of Solar Street Lights:

The main components of solar street light are shown in the figure:

1. Solar Panel
   
   • It is very important part of solar street lights.
   • Their main work is to convert solar energy into electricity.
   • There are 2 types of solar panel exists : Mono-crystalline and poly-crystalline.
   • The Conversion rate of mono-crystalline solar panel is much higher than poly-crystalline.
2. Lighting Fixture
   •  Latest solar street light used LED as lighting source, because it provides much higher Lumens with lower consumption of power.
   • The energy consumption rate of LED fixture is at least 50% lower than HPS fixture.
3. Rechargeable Battery
   • The Rechargeable Battery stores the electricity from solar panel during the day and provides power to the fixture during night.
   • There are generally 2 types of batteries used:  a)  Gel Cell Deep Cycle Battery and 

                                                                                       b) Lead Acid Battery

4. Controller
   • Controller is also very important part  for solar street light.
   • A controller is that circuit which decides when to switch on /off charging and lighting.
5. Pole
   •  Strong Poles are required to solar street lights because there are very heavy components are mounted on the top of the pole like
   •  Fixtures, Panels and sometime batteries.

Advantages:

1. The operation cost is not so high.
2. This is a pollution free source of producing Electricity.
3. NO external wires are used. so chances of occurrence of accidents are minimized.
4. The parts of of this system are easy to carried. so remote access is applicable.
5. They require less maintenance.

Disadvantages:

1. The starting setup cost is high.
2. Risk of theft is also higher.
3. Rechargeable batteries are required to be changed many times.
4. Not works in cloudy and rainy days.
5. Snow and moisture effects its working.

Uses:

They are the used for lightning at nights.

If you’ll have any query or suggestion regarding this article feel free to ask in the given below comment box.

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