TYPES OF ANTENNA
TYPES OF ANTENNA :
BABINET’S PRINCIPLES OF COMPLEMENTARY ANTENNA :
The complementary impedance can be found by using Babinet’s Principles . It states when a screen has a opening that is added to complementary structure and a field lies behind it , then the additional value equals to a field where screen is absent . The main problem with this equation is that the screen must be thin to wavelength given . Or modes begin from fields fringing and are no longer negligible if the screen is not thin in the type of antenna .
HORN ANTENNA :
In this type of antenna consists of a flaring metal like a horn to help the radio waves to travel in a beam . In this type the horns are used as antennas and they mostly behave like feed horns for larger structures like for example parabolic antenna . The main advantage is that they can operate over a wide range because of absence of no resonant elements . It is mostly used because of its simple construction .
Figure of horn antenna
PARABOLIC REFLECTOR ANTENNA :
It is a type of antenna a parabolic reflector and a curved surface of sectional shape to direct radio waves . The most common form is shaped similar to a dish antenna or parabolic disc . Its operation is similar to flash light reflector and helps in direct radiation in narrow beam . The main advantage is that they can create narrowest bandwidths . It is mostly used in radar antennas .
Figure Parabolic Reflector antenna
SLOT ANTENNA :
The main advantage of slot antenna is its design , robust nature , its size and simple to use . It uses PC board technology . It has a metal surface usually like a flat plate with a slot or hole . Radio magnetic waves are radiated in similar way like dipole antenna . This type of antennas are mostly used in UHF and Microwave .They are also preffered in radar antennas .
Figure of slot antenna
FOLDED DIPOLE ANTENNA :
In radio telecommunication , it is the most simple and very widely used antenna class . It consists of the metal wires and rods which are conductive . Either the transmitter or the receiver is connected to each side of feedline .It follows the monopole antenna and the Rabbit Ears is a good example of this type of antenna . It is the simplest type of antenna from theory point of view.
YAGI UDA ARRAY :
It is also called as Yagi Antenna . The Yagi Antenna is a directional antenna mostly consisting of a dipole ana a folded dipole . This is mostly reffered to as beam antenna which have very high gains . This type of antenna uses narrow bandwidth , very useful for various communication bands . The operation depends on electromagnetic interaction between parasitic elements .
Figure Yagi uda antena
LENS ANTENNA :
The Lens antenna are mostly used in metering and radar equipments and it works in centimeter wavelength range consisting of a proper lens and a feed . There are two types of lens antenna
- ACCELERATING LENS : it is made up of shaped metal sheets .
- DECELERATING LENS : low quality homogenous dielectrics are used in its construction .
The surface of the lens is zoned , and hence the weight and dimension reduces .
TURNSTILE ANTENNA :
It is a set of two dipole antennas . It looks very similar to a turnstile when placed horizontally and the antenna acts directionaly in right angle to its plane when placed vertically . This same principle is followed by Yagi and Long periodic .
V – ANTENNA :
In this type of antenna the conductors are arranged in V – shape along with a balanced line at top . It is also called as Vee Antenna . The v-shape antenna the two side of a dipole are perpendicular to each other . It is mostly used in areas which have very limited space and this less space does not really have any effect on its performance . Amateur Radio stations mostly use Inverted vee antennas .
MICROSTRIP ANTENNA :
It has two dimensional physical geometry and hence it is easy to design and inexpensive to manufacture . They are mostly used in UHF . The microstrip antennas has high polarization diversity and can be used for multiple feed points .
figure of microstrip antenna
RHOMBIC ANTENNA :
A broadly directional antenna having high frequency is termed as Rhombic antenna . The main advantages is that it has stable input impedance and pattern of radiation . It is a simple to use and effective transmitting antenna .
BEVERAGE ANTENNA :
This antenna is mostly used in high frequencies because it has long wire receiving antenna . It is also used by amateur radio . A large amount of space is required because these antennas provide excellent directivity .
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS :
QUE > WHAT IS FOLDED DIPOLE ANTENNA ?
ANS > In radio telecommunication the most simple and widely used antenna class . It consists of the metal wires and rods which are conductive in nature . The transmitter or the receiver is connected to each side of feedline .It follows the monopole antenna and the Rabbit Ears is a good example of this type of antenna . It is the simplest type of antenna from theory point of view.
QUE > WRITE SHORT NOTE ON RHOMBIC ARRAY ?
ANS > It is a broadly directional antenna having high frequency is termed as Rhombic antenna . The main advantages is that it has stable input impedance and pattern of radiation . It is a simple to use and very effective transmitting antenna.
GATE Syllabus-
1. Gate Syllabus for Electronics and Communication 2014
2. Gate Syllabus of Engineering Science 2014
IES Syllabus-
1. IES Syllabus for Electronics and Telecommunication
2 IES Syllabus for General Ability
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3 Responses to TYPES OF ANTENNA
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Excellent article done wont to read the article the pictures itself told everything., special appreciation for the picture choosing skill. nice way the article was molted
The types of the antenna has been properly been explained here in the article..the various type of the antenna with their brief introduction helps to gain lot of knowledge about it 🙂
This article gives a brief description of various types of antenna depending on their constructional features.