Channel Models

Last Updated: Dec 27, 2025

Oct 14 • General • 3619 Views • 2 Comments on Channel Models

Channel Models

Narrowband  Channel

Channel models describe scenarios where the message bandwidth doesn’t significantly exceed the channel’s coherence bandwidth. In wireless communication studies, narrowband channels mean the channel is narrow enough that its frequency response appears flat across the signal. This keeps the message bandwidth well below the channel’s coherence bandwidth.

Engineers often use this as a simplifying assumption since no channel has perfectly flat fading, but it makes analysis of wireless systems much easier. Narrowband also applies to the audio spectrum, describing sounds in a limited frequency range. For instance, telephony channels are typically narrowband, covering 300–3400 Hz.

Wideband Channel

A system becomes wideband when the message bandwidth exceeds the channel’s coherence bandwidth in communication. Some links handle high data rates, requiring wider bandwidths, while others use low data rates but still opt for broader bandwidths—more than strictly needed—to gain key advantages in performance and reliability.

Antenna

Introduction

It is also known as aerial. It is an electrical device which helps in converting  the electric power into radio waves & vice versa. Usually uses a radio transmitter or radio receiver. During transmisson of  sgnal a radio transmitter supplies an oscillating frequency of radio signal in the form of electric current to the  terminal of the antenna and the antenna radiates the energy from the current as radio waves in the transmission.During reception an antenna intercepts some of the power of an electromagnetic wave in order to produce a tiny voltage at its terminals which is applied to a receiver for amplification  of the signal.

Antennas for base station

There are mobile phone base station antennas  situated on towers and buildings throughout  the area. These antennas are part of the mobile telephone network which emit radiation consisting radio frequency through the signal. The fact i.e. the radiation provides the possibility of adverse health effects arising from exposure to this radiation.

 

Antennas for mobile station

There are mobile station antennas on towers and buildings throughout  the locations. These type of  antennas are part of the mobile telephone network and they emit radiation consisting radio frequency.

Some related question and answer 

1. What does the narrow band channel band implies?

Ans. In wireless communication channels narrow band channels implies that the channel under consideration is sufficiently narrow where a frequency response can be considered flat.

2. when a system has wideband?

Ans. A system has wide band when the message bandwidth exceeds the bandwidth of the coherence channel.

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