DATA LINK LAYER CHECKSUM A checksum is a type of redundancy check used to detect errors in a data. Errors that frequently occur in a data when written to a disk, transmitted across a network or even if manipulated. These
MICROWAVE FREQUENCY CONTROL-: Coherency -: This is photonic technique and is based on the optical heterodyning for generation of microwave and millimeter-wave signals . Coherence control of a comb of time-delayed as well as frequency-shifted optical
DATA LINK LAYER AND ITS ERRORS:- As we know the OSI model is a combination of 7 layers out of that the data link layer is known for its variable performances and variety of functions according to its hardware protocol. There
FRAMES CYCLIC CODE ANALYSIS A cyclic code is a type of linear block code such as the right cyclic shift of any code word is the basic code word. FRAMES Framing is a technique that adds source and destination address into data packets with the necessary
MEDIUM ACCESS ETHERNET The LAN connections are of numerous types among those Ethernet is the one that is the most popular LAN connection. The generation of Ethernet took place in the following direction-: 1. Traditional Ethernet